Cells continuously communicate with neighbouring cells and their environment through chemical signals. Growth factors and signalling molecules are central to this biological coordination.
Signals that influence tissue response
Families such as EGF, FGF, VEGF, PDGF, TGF-β, BMPs and IGFs are associated with processes including cell survival, proliferation, migration, differentiation, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix production and tissue remodelling.
Delivery and context matter
Local concentration, duration of exposure, receptor expression and delivery method can influence biological activity. Understanding signalling biology helps healthcare professionals interpret regenerative technologies more critically.